Starting ABA Therapy as a Toddler: What the First Months Look Like

If your toddler has been diagnosed with autism, or you are waiting on an evaluation, you may have heard that starting early matters. That is true. Early childhood is a time of rapid learning, and support during these years can help children build communication, play and daily living skills.

But “start early” can feel abstract. What does early intervention ABA actually look like for a two- or three-year-old? This guide walks through the first months, from the first phone call to the first goals your child might work on.

Why age matters

The CDC describes the Early Start Denver Model as a broad developmental approach based on the principles of ABA, used with children 12 to 48 months of age, in which parents and therapists use play, social exchanges and shared attention in natural settings. This reflects a wider point: for very young children, therapy often looks a lot like play.

You can read more about why starting early matters in our article on the benefits of early intervention with ABA therapy.

Month 0: Getting started

The first call

It usually begins with a phone call or online form. You will share basic information about your child, your concerns and your insurance. The team will explain what they need from you, such as a diagnosis report or a doctor’s referral.

Insurance and paperwork

Before therapy starts, the provider usually checks your insurance benefits and may need to get authorization. This step can take time, so it helps to start early.

Early intervention programs

In Illinois, the state’s Early Intervention program serves children under 3 with developmental delays. ABA through a private provider and state early intervention services can sometimes work alongside each other. Ask both about coordination.

Month 1: Assessment and getting to know your child

The assessment

A Board Certified Behavior Analyst (BCBA) will spend time with your child and with you. They will look at how your child communicates, plays, imitates, follows directions and handles daily routines. They will also ask about your family’s priorities.

Your input matters

Tell the BCBA what matters most to you. For many parents of toddlers, top priorities include:

Being able to communicate wants and needs.
Reducing frustration and meltdowns.
Sleeping better.
Playing with siblings or other children.
Getting through daily routines like diaper changes and meals.

The treatment plan

Based on the assessment, the BCBA writes a plan with specific, measurable goals. You should review it together and agree on it before therapy begins.

Month 1–2: The first sessions

Pairing comes first

In the first sessions, the therapist focuses on building a positive relationship with your child. They will play with your child’s favorite toys, follow their lead and make the time fun. This is called pairing, and it is an important foundation. A child who enjoys being with their therapist is ready to learn.

Short, playful learning moments

For toddlers, teaching is usually woven into play. A therapist might hold a bubble wand and wait for your child to look, reach, sign or say “bubbles” before blowing. Each small success is rewarded right away.

Lots of movement and breaks

Toddlers have short attention spans. Sessions include frequent breaks, movement and changes of activity.

Month 2–3: First goals in action

Here are examples of early goals a toddler might work on. Your child’s goals will depend on their assessment.

Communication

Requesting items using a word, sign, picture or gesture.
Responding to their name.
Following simple one-step directions, like “come here” or “give me.”

Play and social skills

Taking turns with a toy.
Copying simple actions, like clapping or stacking blocks.
Showing interest in a game with an adult.

Daily living

Sitting for a short time at the table for snack.
Tolerating handwashing or toothbrushing.
Moving from one activity to the next with less upset.

Month 3 and beyond: Reviewing progress

ABA uses data to track progress. Your BCBA will review how your child is doing on each goal and update the plan. Some goals will move quickly; others will take longer. That is normal. Our article on how long ABA therapy takes to show results explains what affects progress.

Your role as a parent

Parents of toddlers are especially important in early intervention. Young children spend most of their time with family, so the more you use the same strategies, the more practice your child gets. Your BCBA will include parent training to show you how. Read more in our article on the power of parent training in ABA therapy.

Clinic or home for toddlers?

Some toddlers do well in a clinic where they can begin to practice being around other children. Others learn best at home where they feel comfortable. Some use both. Learn about clinic-based ABA therapy and in-home ABA therapy at Adapt For Life.

What progress can look like

Every child is different, and no one can promise specific results. But parents often describe early changes like:

Their child making eye contact or looking to them more often during play.
New ways of asking for things, which reduces frustration.
Smoother transitions during the day.
More interest in other people.

Celebrate small wins. They add up.

Simple things you can do at home while you wait

If there is a gap between the diagnosis and the first session, there are gentle, everyday things you can do to support your toddler. These are not a replacement for therapy, but they build a good foundation.

Follow your child’s lead in play. Sit on the floor and join what they are already doing. If they line up cars, line up cars next to them. Shared attention starts with shared interest.
Narrate in short phrases. Use one or two words at a time: “car,” “go,” “big car.” Short phrases are easier to copy than long sentences.
Pause before giving. When your child wants something, pause for a moment and give them a chance to look, point, sign or say a sound before you hand it over.
Use routines. Sing the same song at bath time or say the same words when it is time to leave. Predictable routines help toddlers know what is coming.
Notice what calms your child. Make a note of what helps when they are upset. This information is valuable for the BCBA.

What a typical week might look like

For many toddlers, sessions are spread across several days a week. A week might include a few play-based sessions with the therapist, one visit where the BCBA observes and updates goals, and a parent training session. The exact number of hours depends on the assessment, your child’s needs and your insurance. Ask your BCBA to explain their recommendation and how it might change as your child grows.

A note on patience

The first months can feel slow, especially during paperwork and assessment. Try to remember that every step is building toward the right plan for your child.

Talk to Our Orland Park Team

If you are in Orland Park or the southwest suburbs of Chicago and your toddler has been diagnosed or is being evaluated, our Orland Park clinic can help you plan a start.

Adapt For Life – Orland Park

Address: 11036 W. 179th St, Orland Park, IL 60467
Phone: +1 (708) 274-7211
Email: orlandpark@aflaba.com
Location page: ABA therapy in Orland Park
Main helpline: +1 (502) 965-1116

Ready to take the next step? Get started today and our team will walk you through intake, insurance and scheduling.

Frequently Asked Questions

What age can a child start ABA therapy?

ABA can begin at different ages. Many children start as toddlers after a diagnosis. Your BCBA will recommend a plan based on your child’s needs.

What does ABA look like for a two-year-old?

For toddlers, ABA often looks like play. Therapists use toys, songs and games to teach communication, play and daily living skills.

Does my toddler need an autism diagnosis before starting ABA?

Most insurance plans require a diagnosis for ABA coverage. Ask the clinic and your insurance what they need.

How involved will I be?

Very. Parent training is a key part of early intervention, because young children spend most of their time with family.

Does Adapt For Life serve toddlers in Orland Park, IL?

Contact our Orland Park clinic to ask about services for toddlers and current availability.